Chapter 12

Chapter 12: The Blueprint for a Giant: An Action Plan for Shared Prosperity from Sokoto to Port Harcourt

The Blueprint for a Giant: An Action Plan for Shared Prosperity from Sokoto to Port Harcourt

We stand at the precipice of history, not as spectators to our own demise, but as architects of our collective destiny. The diagnosis has been rendered, the crises documented, the hope kindled. Now, we build. This chapter presents not merely a plan, but a covenant—a binding agreement between citizen and nation, between potential and reality. It is the detailed blueprint for transforming the sleeping giant into an awakened force for shared prosperity, where the wealth of Sokoto's farmlands and the ingenuity of Port Harcourt's engineers flow equitably to every corner of our nation.

The Architecture of Transformation: Principles for Shared Prosperity

The journey toward shared prosperity requires more than policy prescriptions; it demands a fundamental reorientation of our national operating system. The failures of previous development plans stem not from lack of intention, but from flawed architecture. We must build upon principles that acknowledge Nigeria's unique complexity while embracing universal truths about human development and economic justice.

The first principle is inclusive design. For too long, our economic planning has treated Nigeria as a monolith, ignoring the distinct economic ecosystems from the Sahel to the Niger Delta. A successful blueprint must be modular, allowing for regional adaptation while maintaining national coherence. As economist Joseph S. observed, "Nigeria's diversity isn't a problem to be solved but an asset to be leveraged. Our economic planning should mirror our federal structure—unified in purpose, decentralized in execution."

"Prosperity can't be delivered from Abuja alone. It must be cultivated in the soil of each community, watered by local knowledge, and harvested through collective effort. The era of one-size-fits-all development must end." — Dr. Ngozi E., Development Economist

Meanwhile, the second principle is citizen-centered economics. Our economic models have prioritised macroeconomic indicators over human well-being. We measure GDP growth while children go hungry, celebrate foreign reserves while hospitals lack basic supplies. True prosperity must be measured by the lived experience of ordinary Nigerians—their ability to feed their families, educate their children, and live with dignity.

The third principle is generational thinking. The quick fixes and short-term political calculations that have characterized our governance must give way to long-term strategic planning. We are building not for the next election cycle, but for the next generation. This requires institutionalizing development priorities beyond the tenure of any single administration.

Economic Renaissance: From Resource Dependence to Human Capital Abundance

Nigeria's greatest tragedy lies in the paradox of poverty amid plenty. With abundant arable land, youthful population, and strategic geographic position, our continued economic stagnation represents a catastrophic failure of imagination and execution. The path to shared prosperity begins with fundamentally rethinking our economic model.

Agricultural Transformation: Feeding the Giant

Still, the agricultural sector represents our most immediate opportunity for inclusive growth. With over 70% of Nigerians engaged in agriculture-related activities, yet contributing only 22% to GDP, the productivity gap reveals both the challenge and the opportunity. The transformation must occur across multiple dimensions simultaneously.

Land Reform and Security of Tenure remains the foundational challenge. The current system of land ownership, rooted in the Land Use Act of 1978, has created uncertainty that stifles investment and innovation. We must transition toward a system that recognizes traditional ownership while creating clear, transferable titles that can serve as collateral for financing. In Nasarawa State, the pilot "Community Land Trust" programme has demonstrated how collective ownership can be reconciled with individual enterprise, increasing investment in irrigation and storage facilities by 300% over three years.

Value Chain Integration represents the next frontier. Nigeria loses approximately 40% of its agricultural produce to post-harvest losses, a catastrophic waste in a nation where food insecurity affects millions. The solution lies in distributed processing infrastructure—small-scale milling, drying, and packaging facilities located within agricultural zones. The success of the "Staple Crop Processing Zones" initiative in Kebbi shows the potential, with rice farmers increasing their income by 65% through access to localized processing and direct market linkages.

"When a tomato farmer in Kaduna sees her produce rot because she can't get it to Lagos, that isn't an agricultural problem—it is a systems failure. We must build the bridges between farm and table, between producer and consumer." — Hajia Aisha K., Agricultural Entrepreneur

Technology Adoption must accelerate beyond pilot projects to nationwide transformation. Digital platforms for market information, mobile payment systems for rural transactions, and precision agriculture techniques can leapfrog decades of development. The "e-Wallet" system for fertilizer distribution, despite its challenges, demonstrated the potential of direct digital transfers to reduce corruption and increase efficiency.

Industrial Strategy: Manufacturing for Domestic Consumption and Export

The deindustrialization of Nigeria represents one of our greatest policy failures. From contributing 15% to GDP in the 1980s, manufacturing has declined to approximately 9% today. Reversing this trend requires a targeted industrial policy that leverages our comparative advantages while building competitive capabilities.

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) must evolve beyond enclaves of privilege to become catalysts for broader industrial development. The current model of SEZs has often created islands of efficiency in seas of dysfunction, with limited spillover effects. The new approach must emphasize backward integration and local content development. The proposed "Industrial C." linking Lagos-Ibadan, Kano-Kaduna, and Port Harcourt-Aba would create manufacturing ecosystems rather than isolated factories.

Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) Development requires more than access to credit. The survival rate of Nigerian SMEs remains alarmingly low, with 80% failing within their first five years. A comprehensive support ecosystem must include technical assistance, market access facilitation, and technology adoption support. The "Manufacturing C." initiative in Aba, where shoemakers and garment producers share facilities, equipment, and marketing resources, has increased export earnings by 200% while reducing individual overhead costs by 40%.

Energy Infrastructure represents the most critical enabler of industrial growth. No nation has industrialized without reliable, affordable energy. Our focus must shift from massive generation projects to distributed solutions that meet specific industrial needs. The "Embedded G." model, where industrial clusters develop their own power solutions and sell excess capacity to surrounding communities, offers a pragmatic path forward while the national grid undergoes its necessary transformation.

Human Capital Development: Investing in Nigeria's Greatest Asset

Meanwhile, the transformation from resource-based to knowledge-based economy begins with recognizing that our people—their skills, creativity, and entrepreneurial spirit—represent Nigeria's most valuable resource. The current human development indicators paint a grim picture, but they also reveal the magnitude of opportunity.

Education Revolution: Beyond Access to Quality

The crisis in education represents both a moral failure and an economic catastrophe. With over 20 million children out of school and learning poverty affecting 70% of 10-year-olds, we're systematically destroying our future productive capacity. The solution requires simultaneous action on multiple fronts.

Teacher Quality and Motivation must become our highest priority. The dramatic decline in teacher status and compensation over recent decades has created a crisis of professionalism. The "Teacher Transformation programme" must combine significant salary increases with rigorous professional development and performance-based incentives. The experience of countries like Finland and Singapore demonstrates that educational excellence begins with teacher excellence.

Curriculum Reformation must bridge the gap between classroom learning and economic reality. Our educational content remains stuck in colonial paradigms, emphasizing rote memorization over critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity. The integration of digital literacy, financial capability, and entrepreneurial skills from primary education onward can transform passive learners into active creators.

"Education shouldn't be about filling empty vessels but about igniting flames. We need citizens who can think critically, solve problems creatively, and adapt to rapid change—not clerks who can recite facts." — Professor Chinedu O., Education Reform Advocate

Technical and Vocational Education requires complete reinvention. The stigma against "technical" education must be replaced with recognition of its critical role in national development. The German "Dual S." model, which combines classroom instruction with workplace apprenticeship, offers a proven framework for developing the skilled technicians, artisans, and technologies our industrial transformation requires.

Healthcare Transformation: A Healthy Nation is a Productive Nation

Yet, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed the profound weaknesses in our healthcare system, but these vulnerabilities have been decades in the making. A nation can't prosper when its citizens are sick, when preventable diseases claim lives, and when healthcare expenses push families into poverty.

Primary Healthcare Revitalization must form the foundation of our health system. The current hospital-centric model is both inefficient and inequitable. By strengthening the 30,000 primary health centres across Nigeria, we can address 80% of health needs at the community level. The "Basic Healthcare Provision Fund" represents a critical starting point, but its implementation must be streamlined and its coverage expanded.

Health Workforce Development requires urgent attention. With doctor-patient and nurse-patient ratios among the worst globally, we're trying to fight a war with a severely depleted army. The medical brain drain represents not just a loss of investment but a hemorrhage of institutional knowledge. A comprehensive retention strategy must include improved working conditions, career progression pathways, and targeted incentives for service in rural areas.

Health Insurance Expansion must accelerate toward universal coverage. The current system leaves over 70% of Nigerians without financial protection, forcing millions into poverty due to catastrophic health expenditures. The National Health Insurance Authority must use technology to expand coverage, particularly to the informal sector, while ensuring quality of care and financial sustainability.

Digital Transformation: Leapfrogging to the Future

The digital revolution offers Nigeria its most significant opportunity for accelerated development. With one of the youngest populations globally and rapidly expanding connectivity, we can bypass traditional development pathways and create a truly digital nation.

Digital Infrastructure as Public Utility

Meanwhile, the concept of internet access as a luxury must give way to recognition of connectivity as essential infrastructure, as fundamental to modern life as roads and electricity. The current digital divide between urban and rural areas, between wealthy and poor, represents not just an equity issue but an economic drag on the entire nation.

Broadband Expansion must become a national priority on par with road construction. The completion of the National Broadband Plan requires not just private investment but public commitment to ensuring universal access. The "Last Mile Connectivity" challenge, particularly in rural and underserved areas, may require innovative approaches including public-private partnerships and community networks.

Digital Literacy must accompany infrastructure expansion. Providing internet access without teaching people how to use it for education, entrepreneurship, and autonomy is like building roads without teaching people to drive. The integration of digital skills into adult education programmes, vocational training, and school curricula can ensure that connectivity translates into capability.

Digital Economy Development

Nigeria's technology sector has demonstrated remarkable resilience and innovation despite systemic challenges. With proper nurturing, it can become the primary engine of job creation and economic diversification.

Startup Ecosystem Support must evolve beyond occasional funding to systematic nurturing. The success stories of Flutterwave, Paystack, and Andela reveal the potential, but they represent the exception rather than the rule. A comprehensive ecosystem requires patient capital, regulatory clarity, technical talent development, and market access facilitation. The establishment of "Digital Innovation Hubs" in each geopolitical zone can decentralize opportunity beyond Lagos.

Government Digital Transformation can simultaneously improve service delivery while creating massive efficiency savings. The digitalization of government processes—from business registration to tax payment, from land titling to procurement—can reduce corruption, increase transparency, and dramatically improve the ease of doing business. Estonia's model of "digital citizenship" offers inspiring lessons in how technology can transform governance.

"Technology isn't a sector—it is the new reality. We must stop thinking about the 'digital economy' as something separate from the economy. In the 21st century, there's only one economy, and it's digital." — Tope A., Tech Entrepreneur

Governance and Institutional Reform: The Foundation of Prosperity

Ultimately, economic transformation depends on governance transformation. The most brilliant development plans will fail if implemented through dysfunctional institutions. Our governance reform must be as comprehensive as our economic strategy.

Public Service Reformation

The civil service, intended to be the stable backbone of government, has become one of its greatest weaknesses. The transformation from bureaucracy to dynamic public service requires fundamental changes in recruitment, compensation, and performance management.

Merit-Based Recruitment must replace the current system of patronage and connection. The return to proper civil service examinations, combined with rigorous interviews and background cheques, can begin to restore professionalism and competence. The experiences of countries like Singapore show how a high-quality civil service can drive national development.

Performance Management must be introduced throughout the public service. The current system of automatic promotion regardless of performance destroys motivation and rewards mediocrity. Clear performance indicators, regular evaluations, and consequences for both excellence and failure can transform organizational culture.

Compensation Reform is essential both for attracting talent and reducing corruption. The current system of low official salaries combined with informal benefits creates perverse incentives and undermines professionalism. A comprehensive review leading to realistic, living wages for public servants represents a critical investment in governance quality.

Anti-Corruption Architecture

Corruption remains the single greatest obstacle to Nigeria's development, siphoning resources, distorting priorities, and destroying trust. The fight against corruption must evolve from sporadic prosecutions to systematic prevention.

Transparency Mechanisms can reduce opportunities for corruption while increasing accountability. The proactive publication of budgets, contracts, and beneficiary lists makes corruption more difficult to conceal. The success of the BudgIT platform in making budget information accessible to ordinary citizens demonstrates the power of transparency.

Technology-Enabled Systems can automate processes where discretion creates corruption risk. The implementation of e-procurement, automated tax collection, and digital payment systems can significantly reduce human intervention in financial transactions. Ghana's experience with the Ghana Integrated Financial Management Information System offers valuable lessons in how technology can improve financial management.

Citizen Oversight must be institutionalized beyond occasional protests. The establishment of formal mechanisms for citizen feedback on service delivery, participatory budgeting at local government levels, and social audits of public projects can create continuous accountability rather than periodic outrage.

Regional Development Strategies: Tailoring Solutions to Local Realities

The diversity of Nigeria's economic landscapes requires regional specialization rather than uniform approaches. What works in the oil-producing Niger Delta may not apply to the agricultural North-West or the industrial South-West.

The Northern Development Compact

The development challenges of Northern Nigeria require specialized approaches that address historical disadvantages while building on inherent strengths.

Agricultural Modernization represents the most immediate opportunity. With vast arable land and favorable growing conditions, the North can become the breadbasket not just of Nigeria but of West Africa. The development of irrigation infrastructure, particularly the completion of abandoned irrigation projects, can transform rain-fed agriculture to year-round production. The success of the "Anchor Borrowers' programme" in rice production, despite implementation challenges, demonstrates the potential.

Education and Healthcare Investment must receive priority attention. The human development indicators in Northern Nigeria remain the lowest nationally, creating a vicious cycle of poverty and underdevelopment. Special interventions in girl-child education, adult literacy, and primary healthcare can begin to close the development gap.

Security and Stability form the foundation for all other development efforts. The multifaceted security challenges—from farmer-herder conflicts to banditry and insurgency—require comprehensive approaches that combine security operations with development interventions and conflict resolution mechanisms.

The Niger Delta Restoration

Indeed, the paradox of poverty amid oil wealth defines the Niger Delta experience. Transforming this region requires addressing historical grievances while creating new economic opportunities.

Environmental Remediation must become an immediate priority. Decades of oil pollution have destroyed livelihoods based on fishing and farming. A comprehensive cleanup programme, properly funded and independently monitored, can begin to restore ecosystems while creating employment in environmental management.

Economic Diversification is essential to reduce dependence on oil. The region's coastal location, aquatic resources, and human capital offer opportunities in fisheries, aquaculture, tourism, and logistics. The establishment of the "Niger Delta Development Commission" represented recognition of the special needs, but its effectiveness has been hampered by governance challenges.

Local Content Development must extend beyond oil and gas to broader economic participation. The skills developed in the oil industry—engineering, project management, logistics—can be leveraged for other sectors. The success of indigenous companies like Aiteo and Seplat demonstrates the potential of local entrepreneurship when given opportunity.

The Western Economic Hub

Lagos and the South-West have emerged as Nigeria's primary economic engine, but this success creates its own challenges while offering lessons for other regions.

Infrastructure Modernization is essential to sustain economic growth. The congestion, housing shortages, and transportation challenges threaten to undermine the region's competitive advantage. The ongoing investments in rail, road, and housing infrastructure must accelerate while embracing smart city technologies for more efficient urban management.

Knowledge Economy Development represents the next frontier. With concentration of universities, research institutions, and tech companies, the region is well-positioned to transition toward higher-value knowledge-intensive industries. The establishment of specialized parks for biotechnology, fintech, and creative industries can cluster talent and investment.

Regional Integration can amplify economic advantages. The South-West's proximity to other West African markets offers opportunities for regional trade and investment. Improving cross-border infrastructure and harmonizing regulations can position the region as the gateway to West Africa.

Financing the Transformation: mobilising Resources for Development

The scale of investment required for Nigeria's transformation exceeds government resources alone. We must creatively mobilise financing from multiple sources while ensuring efficient utilization of available resources.

Domestic Resource Mobilization

Increasing government revenue through more efficient tax collection represents the most sustainable financing source for development.

Tax System Reform must broaden the base while improving compliance. The current system relies excessively on oil revenues and a narrow segment of formal sector taxpayers. Expanding coverage to the informal sector, improving property taxation, and introducing progressive environmental taxes can significantly increase revenue without overburdening existing taxpayers.

Government Efficiency can release substantial resources currently lost to waste and corruption. The rationalization of redundant agencies, reduction of overhead costs, and improvement in public financial management can make existing resources go further. The Oronsaye Report on restructuring government agencies, though politically challenging, offers a roadmap for efficiency gains.

Subsidy Reform represents both a fiscal necessity and an opportunity for reallocating resources toward productive investment. The current system of petroleum subsidies disproportionately benefits wealthier Nigerians while consuming resources that could fund education, healthcare, and infrastructure. A phased, transparent reform combined with targeted social protection can achieve fiscal savings while protecting the vulnerable.

International Financing and Investment

While domestic resources must form the foundation, international financing can complement our efforts and bring additional expertise.

Foreign Direct Investment must be strategically targeted toward priority sectors rather than passively accepted. The development of clear investment promotion strategies for agriculture, manufacturing, and renewable energy can attract quality investment that creates jobs, transfers technology, and boosts exports.

Climate Finance represents a significant opportunity given Nigeria's vulnerability to climate change. Our commitments under the Paris Agreement and energy transition plan can access international funding for renewable energy, climate adaptation, and sustainable agriculture. The $3 billion currency exchange deal with the World Bank represents the type of innovative financing we should pursue more aggressively.

Diaspora Investment remains a massively underutilized resource. With over 20 million Nigerians abroad remitting over $20 billion annually, targeted instruments can channel these flows toward productive investment. Diaspora bonds, specialized investment funds, and matchmaking platforms can connect diaspora capital with viable projects.

Implementation Framework: From Blueprint to Reality

The history of development planning in Nigeria is replete with brilliant documents that gathered dust on shelves. This blueprint must avoid that fate through strong implementation mechanisms that ensure accountability, adaptability, and impact.

Phased Implementation Approach

The transformation must proceed through clearly defined phases, each building on the previous while maintaining momentum.

Phase 1: Foundation Building (Years 1-2) would focus on early successes and institutional reforms that build confidence and show commitment. This includes civil service reforms, anti-corruption measures, and targeted infrastructure projects with visible impact.

Phase 2: Systemic Transformation (Years 3-5) would carry out the major economic reforms and investments outlined in this blueprint. This includes agricultural modernization, industrial policy implementation, and human capital investments.

Phase 3: Consolidation and Scaling (Years 6-10) would focus on optimizing systems, scaling successful pilots, and continuous improvement based on monitoring and evaluation.

Monitoring and Evaluation Framework

What gets measured gets done. A strong M&E system must track progress, identify challenges, and enable course correction.

The Nigeria Prosperity Index would complement traditional economic indicators with measures of well-being, inclusion, and sustainability. This multidimensional index would include metrics like employment quality, economic security, environmental health, and educational attainment.

Citizen Feedback Mechanisms would ensure that implementation remains responsive to people's needs. Digital platforms for reporting on project implementation, participatory budgeting processes, and social audits can create continuous feedback loops between government and citizens.

Independent Evaluation would provide objective assessment of progress and challenges. Partnerships with academic institutions, research organisations, and international bodies can bring rigor and credibility to the evaluation process.

Conclusion: Our Collective Covenant

This blueprint represents more than a development plan—it is a covenant between the Nigerian people and their future. It acknowledges the depth of our challenges while affirming the height of our aspirations. It recognizes that transformation requires not just technical solutions but moral commitment, not just policy reforms but cultural renewal.

The journey from Sokoto to Port Harcourt isn't just geographical but metaphorical—it represents our collective journey from fragmentation to unity, from potential to achievement, from crisis to prosperity. It requires that the farmer in Sokoto and the engineer in Port Harcourt see themselves as partners in a common enterprise, that their success becomes our collective success.

This blueprint will inevitably be refined, adapted, and improved through implementation. What must remain constant is our commitment to the vision of a Nigeria where every child has opportunity, every family has security, and every community has hope. Where our diversity becomes our strength, our challenges become our catalysts, and our dreams become our reality.

We stand at the dawn of a new era. Let us build it together.

Epilogue

Epilogue: The Harvest of a New Dawn

Let it be recorded by the scribes of a future age that the Giant didn't merely stir from its slumber; it rose, shook the dust of forgotten potential from its shoulders, and began to till the fertile soil of its own destiny. The question that once haunted our national consciousness—How can Nigeria unlock its economic potential and create shared prosperity for all citizens?—has ceased to be a spectre of despair and has become, instead, the blueprint for our collective awakening.

The unlocking wasn't found in a single key, but in the patient forging of a new keyring. We discovered that our potential wasn't locked away in some foreign vault, but buried deep within our own soil, coursing through the intellect of our youth, and woven into the vibrant tapestry of our markets. The first turn of the lock was the deliberate, unglamorous work of institutional integrity. We ceased seeing our institutions as colonial relics to be manipulated and began to rebuild them as sacred groves of accountability and the rule of law. The judiciary became a true temple of justice, not a marketplace for influence. The civil service transformed from a labyrinth of bottlenecks into a streamlined conduit for public good. This wasn't a miracle; it was a choice, repeated daily by a critical mass of citizens and leaders who finally understood that a house divided by corruption can't stand, let alone prosper.

From this foundation of trust, we began the great work of economic re-imagination. We looked upon our vast arable lands and saw not just sustenance, but a green revolution powered by technology and sustainable practice. The phrase "Made in Nigeria" shed its stigma of inferiority and became a global mark of quality, innovation, and cultural richness. We stopped being mere exporters of raw crude and became masters of a diversified energy and manufacturing ecosystem. The digital genius of our young people, once a resource we lamented losing to other shores, became the very engine of our transformation, creating solutions for local problems that resonated on a global scale. We built an economy that wasn't a single, wobbly pillar of oil, but a mighty pyramid with a broad, inclusive base of micro-entrepreneurs, SMEs, and industrial giants, all feeding and strengthening one another.

And what of shared prosperity? It is the golden thread now woven through the entire fabric of our national project. It is measured not merely in the sterile metrics of GDP, but in the vibrant health of our children, the quality of the air in our cities, and the light of understanding in a child’s eyes in a once-forgotten village now connected to the world. It is the dignity of a living wage, the security of a functional healthcare system, and the promise that every single citizen, regardless of origin, creed, or gender, has a stake in this harvest. We have moved from a narrative of scarcity, where one person’s gain was perceived as another’s loss, to an ecology of abundance, where the success of the fisherman in Bayelsa strengthens the fabric merchant in Kano and empowers the software developer in Lagos.

The Giant is now fully awake, its eyes clear, its purpose resolute. Our story is no longer one of potential, but of kinetic, purposeful motion. We have proven that the most potent natural resource any nation possesses isn't buried in its earth, but resides in the collective will of its people. We have remembered that we're the descendants of great builders, of philosophers, of kings and queens who carved civilizations out of the wilderness. That same spirit, that same indomitable will, has been rekindled.

Therefore, don't be a mere spectator to this dawning. The work isn't complete; it's a perpetual harvest that requires every hand.

Arise, then. You who are holding this story. Let your chosen field be your arena of change. Let your voice be an instrument of accountability. Let your enterprise be a vessel of innovation. Let your community be a model of cooperation. The Giant is awake, but it walks on the legs of its citizens. Move with purpose. Build with integrity. Demand justice. Create wealth. For this isn't the end of our story. It is the glorious, unfolding beginning. The future isn't a destination we're approaching; it's a country we're building, together, with every action we take, starting today.

Take Action

1. Share this book with your community
2. Join the discussion at greatnigeria.net
3. Submit your own story or research
4. Support the Great Nigeria movement

This blueprint demands action, not admiration. Every Nigerian—from the governor in Sokoto to the trader in Port Harcourt, from the student in Nsukka to the engineer in Kano—must now pick up the tools of implementation and begin the hard work of rebuilding. The Giant has awakened, but it now needs its people to walk, to build, and to deliver the shared prosperity that twelve chapters have mapped and measured. Our future is no longer a distant dream deferred by corruption and inertia; it is a concrete project that starts today, in every classroom, clinic, and marketplace where citizens refuse to settle for less than their country owes them.

Sources

1. World Bank, Nigeria Poverty Assessment Report (2022).
2. Basic Healthcare Provision Fund, Federal Ministry of Health Operational Guidelines (2018).
3. Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC), Strategic Action Plan and Remediation Report (2022).
4. African Development Bank, Nigeria Renewable Energy and Climate Adaptation Programme (2023).
5. Federal Ministry of Education, National Skills Development and Industrial Transformation Framework (2022).
6. Federal Ministry of Health, Human Resources for Health Strategic Plan (2022).
7. National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria Multidimensional Poverty Index (2022).